check to see if the fuel pump is 'priming' the system when you turn the key to 'on' (not all the way to start). it should run for a couple of secs without the engine running. if it does not run, there is a relay (can't remember exactly where) that may be bad. the EEC turns the pump on for a sec via one circuit to prime, then when engine is turning over (signal from distributor), it energizes pump via a 2nd circuit.
also, the fuel pressure regulator could be leaking and letting the accumulated fuel pressure bleed off to the tank when the ppumps not running for a long time.
which filter did you replace?? the sock in tank, or the one in the fuel line??? the sock only keeps the big chunks that will hurt the pump out, the one inline takes care of the rest that will hurt the injectors